This summary is made for students who want to revise quickly. Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It helps us decide if something is true or false. In mathematics, we use special sentences called statements. A statement is a sentence that is either true or false, but not both at the same time. We write statements using small letters like p, q, r. If a statement is true, we give it the value T. If it is false, we give it the value F.
Questions, orders, wishes, and exclamations are not statements because we cannot say they are true or false. For example, 'Close the door' is not a statement. 'What is your name' is also not a statement. But 'The sun rises in the east' is a statement and it is true.
Learning logic improves your thinking power. It teaches you to check facts before believing. It is useful in maths, computer science, and daily life decisions. Always remember the simple test: if you can clearly say true or false, it is a statement. Practice with daily examples and you will master logic easily. Keep revising these points before exams for best results.